本文由智能家居公司編輯整理，版權歸作者。1979年，美國的斯坦福研究所提出了將家電及電氣設備的控制線集成在一起的家庭總線（HOMEBUS），并成立了相應的研究會進行研究，1983年美國電子工業協會組織專門機構開始制定家庭電氣設計標準，并于 1988年編制了第一個適用于家庭住宅的電氣設計標準，即：《家庭自動化系統與通訊標準》，也有稱之為家庭總線系統標準(HBS，Home Bus System)。在其制定的設計規范與標準中，智能家居公司認為 智能住宅的電氣設計要求必須滿足以下三個條件，即：
      1． 具有家庭總線系統；
      2．通過家庭總線系統提供各種服務功能；
      3． 能和住宅以外的外部世界相連接。
成熟應用
      物聯傳感技術是全球第一個利用物聯網來控制燈飾及電子電器產品（我們通稱為zigbee產品），并將其作為智能家居主流產品走向了商業化。ZigBee最初預計的應用領域主要包括消費電子、能源管理、衛生保健、家庭自動化、建筑自動化和工業自動化。這種技術低功耗、抗干擾、高可靠、易組網、易擴容，易使用，易維護、便于快速大規模部署等特點順應了物聯網發展的要求和趨勢。目前來看，物聯網和ZigBee技術在智能家居、工業監測和健康保健等方面的應用有很大的融合性。


傳感器技術
      值得注意的是，物聯網的興起將給ZigBee帶來廣闊的市場空間。因為物聯網的目的是要將各種信息傳感傳動單元與互聯網結合起來從而形成一個巨大的網絡，在這個巨大網絡中，傳感傳動單元與通信網絡之間需要數據的傳輸，智能家居系統 而相對其他無線技術而言，ZigBee以其在投資、建設、維護等方面的優勢，必將在物聯網型智能家居領域獲得更廣泛的應用。物聯傳感控制規格遂成為當今家庭智能家居自動化控制規格的主要領導者。
      產品亮點
      1、開關可智能，多控又多聯；
      2、觸摸有圖文，夜光看得見；
      3、遠程連電腦，控制很方便；
      4、電力載波線，安裝同以前。
發展趨勢
      隨著智能家居的迅猛發展，越來越多的智能家居開始引進智能化系統和設備。智能化系統涵蓋的內容也從單純的方式向多種方式相結合的方向發展。但較之于歐美發達國家，我國的我國智能家居系統起步稍晚，所以市場主流的產品（系統）還無法很好地解決產品本身與市場需求的矛盾，使得智能家居市場的僵冰還沒有被完全打破，所以很大程度上阻礙了智能家居產業的發展。在此情形之下，從產品（系統）的技術角度上看什么才是解決這個難題的方法？據市場調研顯示，只有智能家居交互平臺才是最好的手段之一。
      智能家居交互平臺是一個具有交互能力平臺，并且通過平臺能夠把各種不同的系統、協議、信息、內容、控制在不同的子系統中進行交互、交換。它具有如下特點：
1、每個子系統都可以脫離交互平臺獨立運行
      智能家居交互平臺中，各個子系統在脫離交互平臺時能夠獨立運行，如果樓寓對講、家庭報警、各種電器控制、門禁、家庭娛樂等等。各子系統在交互平臺管理下運行，平臺能采集各子系統的運行數據，系統的聯動。
2、不同品牌的產品、不同的控制傳輸協議能通過這個平臺進行交互
      由于有了交互平臺，不同子系統在交戶平臺的統一管理下，可以協同工作和運行數據額交換、共享，給用戶最大限度的選擇權，充分體現智能家居的個性化。同時，它還具有網關的功能，通過交互平臺，能與廣域網連接，實現遠程控制、遠程管理。具有多種主流的控制接口，如RS485、RS232、TCP、IP等，同時可以擴充添加國內外流行的控制接口，如EIB、lonwork、CE-bus、Canbus，以及無線網絡如：WiFi、GPRS、藍牙等。根據客戶及市場的變化不斷增加各種總線、系統的驅動軟件和硬件接口，豐富多樣的通訊、控制接口，為子系統的多樣選擇提供的基礎保障，智能家居有了最大限度包容性，用戶有了更大的選擇余地。
3、智能終端（觸摸屏）僅做為各子系統的顯示、操作界面
      整個系統在平臺的控制、管理下運行，智能終端（觸摸屏）僅做為各子系統的顯示、操作界面，多智能終端配置容易可行。同時，可以記錄各子系統的運行數據、為系統運行優化、自學習提供依據。交互平臺，平臺可以記錄存儲各系統的運行數據，對系統的運行可以提供有效的歷史數據，同時可以根據歷史的運行數據，總結出主人的使用習慣和某種規律，讓系統能夠自學習。
4、控制軟件可編程（DIY），提供信息服務
      此系統方便用戶改變控制邏輯、控制方式、操作界面，用戶的控制邏輯、操作界面可以自定義、可以DIY。在現代的智能家居系統中，信息服務是非常重要的不可或缺的部分，有了信息服務，它給智能家居更多的“智慧”、給我們的生活提供更多的信息和資訊、給智能家居賦予更生動的生命，它是智能家居更高的境界。信息服務內容包括：健康、烹飪、交通信息、生活常識、嬰幼兒哺育、兒童教育、日常購物、社區信息、家居控制專家等等，智能家居已不僅僅是面向控制的系統而是信息服務與控制有機結合的系統。
5、多種控制手段
      在日常家居生活中，為了使我們對家庭的控制系統能隨時掌控、需要的信息隨時獲取，操作終端的形式非常重要，多種形式的智能操作終端是必不可少如：智能遙控器、移動觸摸屏、電腦、手機、PDA等。


 iPhone客戶端圖例


 iPad客戶端圖例
      而隨著云技術的發展，市面上出現了將云語音控制融入到控制系統的智能家居控制軟件，不需要專業的設備，任意一臺智能手機或是平板電腦安裝上軟件即可，其兼容 windows 、IOS、 android系統，開啟手機軟件，啟用監聽模式，在聲場的覆蓋的范圍內，即可與系統對話控制電氣設備，更強大的是該系統還可以接入互聯網系統，進行日常信息查詢，瀏覽網頁，搜索音樂等功能，整個交互的過程，可以是全語音也可以是屏幕顯示。
      智能家居可以成為智能小區的一部分，也可以獨立安裝。
      中國人口眾多，城市住宅也多選擇密集型的住宅小區方式，因此很多房地產商會站在整個小區智能化的角度來看待家居的智能化，也就出現了一統天下、無所不包的智能小區。歐美由于獨體別墅的居住模式流行，因此住宅多散布城鎮周邊，沒有一個很集中的規模，當然也就沒有類似國內的小區這一級，住宅多與市鎮相關系統直接相連。這一點也可解釋為什么美國仍盛行ADSL、Cable Modem等寬帶接入方式，而國內光纖以太網發展如此迅猛。因此歐美的智能家居多獨立安裝，自成體系。而國內習慣上已將它當作智能小區的一個子系統考慮，這種做法在前一階段應該是可行的，而且是實用的，因為以前設計選用的智能家居功能系統多是小區配套的系統。但智能家居最終會獨立出來成為一個自成體系和系統，作為住宅的主人完全可以自由選擇智能家居系統，即使是小區配套來統一安裝，也應該可以根據需要自由選擇相應產品和功能、可以要求升級、甚至你對整個設計不感興趣，完全可以獨立安裝一套。我們的觀點是，智能家居實施其實是一種“智能化裝修”，智能小區只不過搭建了大環境、完成了粗裝修，接下來的智能化“精裝修”要靠自己來實施。
技術判斷
      最新出臺的國家《物聯網“十二五”發展規劃》指出“推進傳輸技術突破。重點支持適用于物聯網的新型近距離無線通信技術和傳感器節點的研發，支持自感知、自配置、自修復、自管理的傳感網組網和管理技術的研究”，它在自配置、自修復、自管理、低功耗，高安全、抗干擾等方面有著非常獨特的優勢。
      當然由于433M/315M射頻、藍牙，WiFi技術簡單，產品開發周期短，我國電子行業前沿，特別是廣東、福建等南方一些智能家居企業的再使用，這些企業產品得到大量的使用與驗證，并且使用年限較上，得到了消費者的普遍認可。
      認知三大誤區：
1.有線無線區別大
　　國內外智能家居企業魚龍混雜，相關智能控制技術參差不齊，傳統智能家居采用有線技術，布線復雜，造價昂貴，且用戶體驗度非常不好。新一代物聯網技術的智能家居，利用無線傳感技術，結合目前最火熱的移動互聯網技術，采用智能終端遠程控制，使整個使用體驗的舒適度明顯地提升了上去。相關專家表示，有線控制面臨消亡，無線控制由于其免布線，移動性強，升級方便等特點迅速受到市場的歡迎，更符合智能化的需求和趨勢。不過，有一些成熟的智能家居企業利用無線的優勢，推出的只具有單向控制信號的無線智能家居，非常適合市場的需求，因此一些傳統的低壓開關廠家也紛紛進入，TCL、飛雕等等，也是采用RF433的單向技術，說明只有符合市場的，才是好產品。
2.智能家電不等于智能家居
　　日前，某企業推出了新一代超級智能電視，受到網民的熱烈討論。各大媒體和電視業紛紛追蹤報道，一時間，智能電視以及智能家電受到了人們的強烈關注，很多人把智能家電當成了智能家居，這是一個非常大的誤區，如果不認清這個，很容易被一些家電商誤導。智能家電的本質還是家用電器，只不過采用了一些智能化的系統或者技術，這是相對于傳統家電而言的，就像21世紀的智能手機一樣，它還是手機。而智能家居是一個平臺，其本身就是一個智能化的控制系統。在這個平臺上，所有的家電和門窗開關都可以被遠程控制，實現智能化的應用體驗，可以根據用戶的自定義設置，進行各種各樣的智能控制，這才是真正的智能家居。我們在選擇產品和品牌的時候，且不要被一些家電廠商的所謂的”智能化”字眼所迷惑和誤導。
3.智能不智能，體驗是關鍵
　　在21世紀智能是一個非常火熱的詞語，隨著移動互聯網的強勢崛起，21世紀以后所有的產品都要和智能聯系到一起，否則都不好意思出現在用戶面前。然后事實卻是大部分打著智能旗號的產品都是一個幌子而已，根本都不能實現用戶所想所需的智能體驗。特別是在智能家居領域，很多時候并不是說能夠進行簡單的智能控制就是智能家居了。我們所需要的智能應該是一種切實解決我們的實際需求并且使用方便快捷的人性化體驗，因此，判斷到底智能不智能，只有通過自己的實際體驗才能知道，沒有體驗過的智能家居很難讓用戶產生信任。用戶在選擇智能裝修的時候，一定要去其體驗中心實地考察體驗，只有適合自己的才是好產品。
　　消費者安裝智能家居系統所要追求的是一種高品質的生活體驗，因此在選擇智能裝修之前一定要認識到這些常見的誤區，避免造成資金的浪費，并且不能使自己享受很好的服務。

      一般原理，所有的技術都各有所長，各有所短，市場上接受度最高，使用量最大的產品，是值得考慮的。

如果你是英國 美國的，可以看下面的翻譯 智能家居是未來，搶風口

This article by the smart home company editing, copyright to the author. 1979, the United States Stanford Institute will be home appliances and electrical equipment control line integrated family bus (HOMEBUS), and set up a corresponding study will be studied in 1983, the United States Electronics Industry Association organized specialized agencies began to develop a family Electrical design standards, and in 1988 prepared the first applicable to residential electrical design standards, namely: "home automation systems and communication standards", also known as the Home Bus System Standard (HBS, Home Bus System). In its development of design specifications and standards, smart home companies that intelligent residential electrical design requirements must meet the following three conditions, namely:
      1. With a home bus system;
      2. Through the family bus system to provide a variety of service functions;
      3. We can connect with outside world except house.
Mature application
      Things sensor technology is the world's first use of things to control the lighting and electrical and electronic products (we are known as zigbee products), and as the mainstream of intelligent home products to the commercial. ZigBee initially expected applications include consumer electronics, energy management, health care, home automation, building automation and industrial automation. This technology is low power consumption, anti-jamming, high reliability, easy networking, easy expansion, easy to use, easy to maintain, easy to deploy quickly and so on the characteristics of conforming to the development of Internet of Things requirements and trends. At present, the Internet of Things and ZigBee technology in intelligent home, industrial monitoring and health care applications have a great integration.




Sensor Technology
      It is noteworthy that the rise of the Internet of Things will bring ZigBee a broad market space. Because the Internet of Things is to be a variety of information sensing drive unit and the Internet together to form a huge network, in this huge network, the sensor drive unit and the communication network between the need for data transmission, intelligent home system Relative to other wireless technologies, ZigBee in its investment, construction, maintenance and other aspects of the advantages, will be in the field of intelligent home networking products for a wider range of applications. Sensing sensor control specifications has become today's home intelligent home automation control specifications of the main leaders.
      Product Highlights
      1, the switch can be intelligent, multi-control and multi-joint;
      2, touch graphic, luminous see;
      3, remote with the computer, control is very convenient;
      4, the power line carrier, with the previous installation.
development trend
      With the rapid development of intelligent home, more and more intelligent home began to introduce intelligent systems and equipment. Intelligent system covers the content from a simple way to a variety of ways to combine the direction of development. However, compared to developed countries in Europe and America, China's smart home system started later, so the market mainstream products (system) can not be a good solution to the contradiction between the product itself and market demand, making the smart home market has not been frozen ice Completely broken, so to a large extent hindered the development of smart home industry. In this case, from the product (system) technology point of view what is the solution to this problem? According to market research shows that only intelligent home interactive platform is one of the best means.
      Intelligent home interactive platform is a platform with interactive capabilities, and through the platform to a variety of different systems, protocols, information, content, control in different subsystems to interact, exchange. It has the following characteristics:
1, each subsystem can be independent of the interactive platform to run
      Intelligent home interactive platform, the various subsystems from the interactive platform to operate independently, if the floor apartment intercom, home alarm, all kinds of electrical control, access control, home entertainment and so on. Each subsystem runs under the management of the interactive platform. The platform can collect the operation data and the linkage of the subsystems.
2, different brands of products, different control transfer protocol can interact through this platform
      Because of the interactive platform, different subsystems in the unified management of the cross-platform, you can work together and run the amount of data exchange, sharing, giving the user the greatest choice, fully embodies the smart home personalized. At the same time, it also has a gateway function, through the interactive platform, with the wide area network connection, remote control, remote management. With a variety of mainstream control interface, such as RS485, RS232, TCP, IP, etc., at the same time can be expanded to add domestic and international popular control interface, such as EIB, lonwork, CE-bus, Canbus, and wireless networks such as: WiFi, GPRS, Bluetooth Wait. According to the customer and the market changes continuously increase various bus, the system driver software and the hardware connection, the rich variety communication, the control connection, provides the basic safeguard for the subsystem diverse choice, the intelligent home has the maximum allowance, the user has The greater the choice.
3, intelligent terminal (touch screen) only as a subsystem of the display, the user interface
      The whole system is running under the control and management of the platform. The intelligent terminal (touch screen) is only used as the display and operation interface of each subsystem, and the multi-intelligent terminal configuration is easy and feasible. At the same time, you can record the operation of the subsystem data for system optimization, self-learning to provide the basis. Interactive platform, the platform can record the operation of the system storage data on the operation of the system can provide effective historical data, and can run according to historical data, summed up the owner's habits and a law, the system can self-learning.
4, control software programmable (DIY), to provide information services
      This system is convenient for the user to change the control logic, the control mode, the operation interface, the user control logic, the operation contact surface may from the definition, may DIY. In the modern intelligent home system, the information service is very important indispensable part, has the information service, it gives the intelligent home more "wisdom", gives us the life to provide the more information and the information, Home to give a more vivid life, it is a higher realm of intelligent home. Information services include: health, cooking, traffic information, life knowledge, infant feeding, children's education, daily shopping, community information, home control experts, etc., intelligent home has not only for the control system but information services and control Organic combination of the system.
5, a variety of control means
      In the daily home life, in order to make our home control system at any time control, the information needed to obtain at any time, the form of terminal is very important, various forms of intelligent operation terminal is essential, such as: intelligent remote control, mobile touch screen , Computers, mobile phones, PDA and so on.




 IPhone client legend




 IPad client legend
      And with the development of cloud technology, the market will appear in the cloud voice control into the control system of intelligent home control software, do not need professional equipment, any one smart phone or tablet computer can be installed on the software, and its compatible windows , IOS, android system, open the phone software, enable listening mode, in the sound field coverage, you can control the electrical system with the dialogue system, more powerful is that the system can also access the Internet system for daily information query, browse Web pages, search music and other functions, the entire interactive process, can be a full voice can also be a screen display.
      Smart home can become a part of the Intelligent Community, can also be installed independently.
      China's large population, urban residential and more choice of residential-intensive way, many real estate Chamber of Commerce will stand in the entire district from the intelligent point of view of intelligent home, there will be dominated the world, all-encompassing intelligent community. Europe and the United States as a result of independent villas living mode popular, so residential scattered around the town, not a very concentrated scale, of course, there is no similar to the domestic community level, residential and city-related systems are directly connected. This also can explain why the United States is still popular ADSL, Cable Modem and other broadband access, and domestic fiber-optic Ethernet development so rapidly. So Europe and the United States more than a separate intelligent home installation, self-contained. And domestic custom has it as a sub-system of intelligent community to consider, this approach should be feasible in the previous stage, but also practical, because the previous design of the smart home functional system is mostly supporting the system. But the smart home will eventually become independent of a self-contained systems and systems, as the owner of the house can be free to choose smart home system, even if the plot supporting a unified installation, should also be free to choose the appropriate products and features, you can request upgrades , Or even you are not interested in the entire design, can install a separate set. Our view is that the implementation of smart home is actually a "smart decoration", intelligent community is only to build a large environment, completed a rough decoration, the next intelligent "fine decoration" to rely on their own implementation.
Technical judgment
      The latest development of the national "Internet of Things" Twelfth Five-Year "Development Plan" pointed out that "to promote the transmission technology breakthroughs. Focus on support for the Internet of things new short-range wireless communication technology and sensor node development, support self-sensing, self- Self-management, low power consumption, high security, anti-jamming and other aspects has a very unique advantage.With the development of network management technology,
      Of course, due to 433M / 315M radio, Bluetooth, WiFi technology is simple, short product development cycle, China's electronics industry front, especially in Guangdong, Fujian and some southern smart home business re-use of these products are a lot of use and validation, and use Over the years, has been generally recognized by consumers.
      Cognitive three errors:
1. Wired wireless difference
Smart home business at home and abroad quite a mixed bag, the relevant intelligent control technology uneven, traditional smart home using wired technology, wiring complexity, costly, and the user experience is very bad. A new generation of intelligent home networking technology, the use of wireless sensor technology, combined with the hottest mobile Internet technology, the use of intelligent remote control terminal, so that the entire use of the comfort of the experience has improved significantly up. Experts said that the cable control is facing demise, wireless control because of its free wiring, mobility, easy to upgrade features such as the rapid popularity of the market, more in line with the needs of intelligent and trends. However, there are some mature smart home business advantage of the use of wireless, launched with only one-way control signal wireless smart home, very suitable for market demand, so some of the traditional low-voltage switch manufacturers have entered, TCL, , But also one-way technology using RF433, that only in line with the market, is a good product.
2. Smart home appliances do not mean smart home
Recently, a company launched a new generation of super smart TV, Internet users by the lively discussion. Major media and television industry have tracked reports, a time, smart TV and smart home appliances by the strong concern of many people to smart home appliances as a smart home, this is a very big misunderstanding, if you do not recognize this, it is Easy to be misled by some home appliances business. Smart home appliances or the nature of home appliances, but with a number of intelligent systems or technology, which is relative to the traditional home appliances in terms of, like the 21st century smart phones, it is still a cell phone. The smart home is a platform, itself is an intelligent control system. In this platform, all the appliances and doors and windows switches can be remote control, intelligent application experience, according to the user's custom settings, a variety of intelligent control, this is the real smart home. We are in the choice of products and brands, and not to be some home appliance manufacturers of the so-called "intelligent" words confused and misleading.
3. Smart is not intelligent, experience is the key
In the 21st century, intelligence is a very hot words, with the strong rise of mobile Internet, after the 21st century, all products and smart to be linked together, or are embarrassed to appear in front of users. And then the fact that most of the products under the banner of the banner of intelligence is a cover only, simply can not achieve the user wants the intelligent experience. Especially in the field of smart home, a lot of time is not to say that a simple intelligent control is a smart home. We need the intelligence should be a practical solution to our actual needs and the use of convenient and efficient human experience, therefore, in the end intelligence is not intelligent, only through their own practical experience to know, not experienced smart home is difficult to let The user generates trust. Users in the choice of intelligent decoration, be sure to go to the center of their experience of field trips, only for their own is a good product.
Consumers to install smart home system is to pursue a high quality of life experience, so in the choice of intelligent decoration must be aware of these common errors before, to avoid the waste of funds, and can not make themselves enjoy a good service.
      General principles, all the technology has its own strengths, each have short, the market acceptance of the highest, the largest use of the product is worth considering.